Wheat

गहुँ (Gahu)

📖 Triticum aestivum L.

Verified Agricultural Data (NARC) Cereals & Millets 📅 Kartik (कार्तिक) – Chaitra (चैत) 🌡️ 10–24°C ⚗️ pH 6.0–7.2 ⏱️ 115-135 days

Growing Season & Schedule

🌱

Recommended Growing Window: Kartik (कार्तिक) – Chaitra (चैत)

Wheat matures in 110 to 135 days. Sown in Kartik to Mangsir (Nov-Dec) and harvested in Chaitra to Baisakh (March-April) across Terai and mid-hills.

Description & Overview

Major winter cereal crop across the Terai and mid-hill valleys of Nepal grown in rotation following monsoon paddy harvest. Ground into whole wheat flour (Atta) for traditional flatbreads (Roti).

Details & Agronomic Insights

🌟 Positive Attributes & Health Benefits

Excellent source of complex carbohydrates, plant protein (gluten), dietary fiber (in whole wheat), B-vitamins, iron, and zinc. Major staple cereal for bread and rotis.

⚠️ Precautions & Adverse Notes

Contains gluten protein; triggers severe adverse autoimmune reactions in celiac disease or gluten-sensitive individuals.

🐛 Major Diseases & Pests

Yellow / Stripe Rust (Puccinia striiformis), Brown Rust, Loose Smut (Ustilago tritici), Spot Blotch (Bipolaris sorokiniana), and Powdery Mildew.

💊 Disease & Pest Solutions

Plant rust-resistant certified varieties (e.g., NL-971, Vijay, Banganga, Borlaug 2020).
Spray Propiconazole 25 EC (1 mL/L) at first appearance of yellow pustule stripes on leaves.
Treat seeds with Carboxin + Thiram (2 g/kg seed) to eradicate seed-borne loose smut fungus.

🧪 Fertilizer & Nutrition Recommendations

Apply 10 tons FYM/ha. NPK: 100:50:50 kg/ha for irrigated conditions. Apply 50% N and all P & K at sowing; top dress 25% N at crown root initiation (CRI, 21 DAS) and 25% N at flowering.

Planting & Cultivation Guide

🌱 Planting Method Direct Seeding

📏 Seed Depth 3.5 cm

↔️ Seed Spacing 5.0 cm

📐 Row Spacing 20.0 cm

🪱 Soil Type Well-drained fertile loam to clay loam

💧 Water Requirement Medium (350-450 mm, requires 3-4 critical irrigations: CRI, tillering, heading)

☀️ Sunlight Full Sun (6-8 hours direct)

🧪 NPK Dose 100:50:50 NPK kg/ha

Climate & Altitude Requirements

⛰️ Altitude Range 100–2200 m

🗺️ Suitable Regions Terai, Inner Terai, Mid-Hill river basins

🌡️ Temperature Range 10–24°C

⚗️ Optimal pH 6.0–7.2

Harvest Information & Yield

⏱️ Maturity Days 115-135 days

📦 Expected Yield 3.0 - 4.5 t/ha (varieties: Vijay, Gautam, NL 971)

🔍 Harvest Indicators:

Spikes and straw turn golden yellow; grains become firm and hard

Crop Photo Gallery

गहुँ (Gahu) (Primary Photo)

Seasonal Calendar — रोप्ने पात्रो

Activity / कार्य	Start Month (BS)	End Month (BS)	Region / क्षेत्र	Gregorian Window
🪴 Nursery	असोज (Ashwin)	कार्तिक (Kartik)	Terai (तराई)	September - October
🌱 Sowing	कार्तिक (Kartik)	मंसिर (Mangsir)	All Nepal	October - November
🌾 Harvesting	फागुन (Falgun)	चैत (Chaitra)	All Nepal	March - April

Quick Reference

Verified

🌱 Method Direct Seeding

📅 Season Kartik (कार्तिक) – Chaitra (चैत)

⏱️ Matures 115-135 days

💧 Water Medium (350-450 mm, requires 3-4 critical irrigations: CRI, tillering, heading)

☀️ Sunlight Full Sun (6-8 hours direct)

🪱 Soil Well-drained fertile loam to clay loam

🗺️ Regions Terai, Inner Terai, Mid-Hill river basins

🌡️ Temp 10–24°C

⚗️ pH 6.0–7.2

📏 Depth 3.5 cm

📦 Yield 3.0 - 4.5 t/ha (varieties: Vijay, Gautam, NL 971)

📅 Planting Calendar 🩺 Plant Doctor AI

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