Tomato

गोलभेडा (Golbheda)

📖 Solanum lycopersicum L.

Verified Agricultural Data (NARC) Climbers & Vines 📅 Falgun (फागुन) – Kartik (कार्तिक) 🌡️ 18–29°C ⚗️ pH 6.0–6.8 ⏱️ 75-90 days

Growing Season & Schedule

🌱

Recommended Growing Window: Falgun (फागुन) – Kartik (कार्तिक)

Tomatoes are warm-season plants and require a longer growing season to produce fruit. In Nepal, the growing season for tomatoes can extend from spring to early autumn, roughly from March to September.

60 to 70 days for cherry tomatoes
80 to 90 days for beefsteak tomatoes

Description & Overview

Major commercial solanaceous vegetable in Nepal, grown extensively in open fields and plastic tunnels/greenhouses across Kavre, Dhading, Kaski, and the Terai. Highly valued for daily curries, chutneys, and salads. Rich in lycopene and vitamin C.

Details & Agronomic Insights

🌟 Positive Attributes & Health Benefits

Tomatoes are a good source of vitamins A, C, and K. They are also a good source of lycopene, an antioxidant that has been linked to a reduced risk of cancer.

⚠️ Precautions & Adverse Notes

Tomatoes can be sensitive to frost and pests. They are also susceptible to a number of diseases, such as early blight, late blight, and blossom end rot.

🐛 Major Diseases & Pests

Early blight: This disease causes brown spots on the leaves and stems of the tomato plant. It can be prevented by planting resistant varieties and by watering the plants at the base.
Late blight: This disease is the most serious disease of tomato plants. It causes the leaves to turn black and the fruits to rot. It can be prevented by planting resistant varieties and by rotating crops.
Blossom end rot: This disease causes the bottom of the tomatoes to turn black and mushy. It is caused by a calcium deficiency. It can be prevented by adding calcium to the soil or by watering the plants with a calcium solution.

💊 Disease & Pest Solutions

Early blight: The infected leaves and stems should be removed and destroyed. The plants should be sprayed with a fungicide.
Late blight: The infected plants should be destroyed. The remaining plants should be sprayed with a fungicide.
Blossom end rot: The plants should be watered regularly and evenly. The soil should be tested for calcium levels and the calcium levels should be corrected if necessary.

🧪 Fertilizer & Nutrition Recommendations

Tomato plants need a balanced fertilizer, such as a 10-10-10 fertilizer. The fertilizer should be applied every two weeks during the growing season.

Planting & Cultivation Guide

🌱 Planting Method Nursery & Transplanting

📏 Seed Depth 1.0 cm

↔️ Seed Spacing 45.0 cm

📐 Row Spacing 60.0 cm

🪱 Soil Type Deep, well-drained fertile loam rich in organic matter

💧 Water Requirement Medium (500-700 mm, drip irrigation preferred to avoid foliage diseases)

☀️ Sunlight Full Sun (6-8 hours direct)

🧪 NPK Dose 100:60:40 NPK kg/ha

Climate & Altitude Requirements

⛰️ Altitude Range 100–2200 m

🗺️ Suitable Regions Terai (winter), Mid-Hills (summer tunnel and open)

🌡️ Temperature Range 18–29°C

⚗️ Optimal pH 6.0–6.8

Harvest Information & Yield

⏱️ Maturity Days 75-90 days

📦 Expected Yield 35 - 55 t/ha (tunnel indeterminates up to 80 t/ha; varieties: Srijana, Samjhana, Dalila)

🔍 Harvest Indicators:

Fruits show breaker stage (pink blush at blossom end) for transport, or full red for local sale

Crop Photo Gallery

गोलभेडा (Golbheda) (Primary Photo)

Tomato — Field View #2

Tomato — Field View #3

Tomato — Field View #4

Tomato — Field View #5

Seasonal Calendar — रोप्ने पात्रो

Activity / कार्य	Start Month (BS)	End Month (BS)	Region / क्षेत्र	Gregorian Window
🌾 Harvesting	जेठ (Jestha)	साउन (Shrawan)	Mid-Hills (मध्यपहाड)	May - July
🪴 Nursery	मंसिर (Mangsir)	पुष (Poush)	Mid-Hills (मध्यपहाड)	November - January
🪴 Nursery	पुष (Poush)	माघ (Magh)	Mid-Hills (मध्यपहाड)	December - January
↔️ Transplanting	फागुन (Falgun)	चैत (Chaitra)	Mid-Hills (मध्यपहाड)	February - March

Quick Reference

Verified

🌱 Method Nursery & Transplanting

📅 Season Falgun (फागुन) – Kartik (कार्तिक)

⏱️ Matures 75-90 days

💧 Water Medium (500-700 mm, drip irrigation preferred to avoid foliage diseases)

☀️ Sunlight Full Sun (6-8 hours direct)

🪱 Soil Deep, well-drained fertile loam rich in organic matter

🗺️ Regions Terai (winter), Mid-Hills (summer tunnel and open)

🌡️ Temp 18–29°C

⚗️ pH 6.0–6.8

📏 Depth 1.0 cm

📦 Yield 35 - 55 t/ha (tunnel indeterminates up to 80 t/ha; varieties: Srijana, Samjhana, Dalila)

📅 Planting Calendar 🩺 Plant Doctor AI

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