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Sponge Gourd

घिरौंला (Ghiramla)
📖 Luffa aegyptiaca L.
Verified Agricultural Data (NARC) Vegetables 📅 Chaitra (चैत) – Bhadra (भाद्र) 🌡️ 22–34°C ⚗️ pH 6.0–6.8 ⏱️ 50-65 days
Growing Season & Schedule
🌱
Recommended Growing Window: Chaitra (चैत) – Bhadra (भाद्र)

Ghiramla takes about 55 to 70 days to bear tender fruits. Sown during Chaitra to Jestha for summer season, and Asar for rainy season crops across Terai and mid-hills.

Description & Overview
Staple summer monsoon green vegetable across Terai and mid-hills of Nepal. Tender immature fruits are cooked with spices; mature fibrous cores dry into natural loofah sponges.
Details & Agronomic Insights
🌟 Positive Attributes & Health Benefits

Excellent source of dietary fiber, Vitamin A, and Vitamin C. Very low in saturated fats and cholesterol; traditional vegetable for cooling digestive heat.

⚠️ Precautions & Adverse Notes

Mature fiber-rich gourds become inedible and fibrous (suitable only as natural bathing sponges/loofah).

🐛 Major Diseases & Pests

Downy Mildew, Mosaic Virus (transmitted by aphids), and Red Pumpkin Beetle (Aulacophora foveicollis).

💊 Disease & Pest Solutions
  • Collect and destroy red pumpkin beetles manually in the early morning hours, or dust wood ash on young leaves.
  • Spray Mancozeb (2 g/L) against downy mildew on leaf undersides.
  • Eradicate viral infected vines early to prevent secondary spread by aphids.
🧪 Fertilizer & Nutrition Recommendations

15 tons/ha compost or FYM. NPK application at 60:40:40 kg/ha. Top dress 15 kg Nitrogen per hectare after every 3-4 fruit pickings.

Planting & Cultivation Guide
🌱 Planting Method Direct Seeding
📏 Seed Depth 2.0 cm
↔️ Seed Spacing 30.0 cm
📐 Row Spacing 60.0 cm
🪱 Soil Type Well-drained fertile loam
💧 Water Requirement Medium (450-600 mm, regular watering)
☀️ Sunlight Full Sun (6-8 hours direct)
🧪 NPK Dose 100:60:40 NPK kg/ha
Climate & Altitude Requirements
⛰️ Altitude Range 100–2000 m
🗺️ Suitable Regions Terai, Mid-Hills
🌡️ Temperature Range 22–34°C
⚗️ Optimal pH 6.0–6.8
Harvest Information & Yield
⏱️ Maturity Days 50-65 days
📦 Expected Yield 15 - 25 t/ha
🔍 Harvest Indicators:

Harvest when crop reaches optimal market maturity and full color

Seasonal Calendar — रोप्ने पात्रो
Activity / कार्य Start Month (BS) End Month (BS) Region / क्षेत्र Gregorian Window
🌱 Sowing असोज (Ashwin) कार्तिक (Kartik) All Nepal September - November
🌾 Harvesting मंसिर (Mangsir) माघ (Magh) All Nepal November - January
Quick Reference
Verified
🌱 Method Direct Seeding
📅 Season Chaitra (चैत) – Bhadra (भाद्र)
⏱️ Matures 50-65 days
💧 Water Medium (450-600 mm, regular watering)
☀️ Sunlight Full Sun (6-8 hours direct)
🪱 Soil Well-drained fertile loam
🗺️ Regions Terai, Mid-Hills
🌡️ Temp 22–34°C
⚗️ pH 6.0–6.8
📏 Depth 2.0 cm
📦 Yield 15 - 25 t/ha
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