बिरुवाका रोग किरा पहिचान गरी सही उपचार विधि अपनाउनुहोस्। Identify fungal, bacterial, viral diseases and pests with organic and chemical treatments.
Patches of stunted, yellowing plants ("fairy ring" patterns in field). Roots bear tiny cream/white to golden-brown lemon-shaped cysts (swollen female bodies) visible to naked eye. Severe crop losses in potato and brassicas.
Sedentary endoparasitic nematodes whose females swell into cysts containing hundreds of eggs. Cysts survive in soil for 20+ years without a host. Spread by contaminated soil on equipment and footwear.
Minimum 5-6 year rotation without host crops; plant nematode-resistant potato varieties; strict farm hygiene — clean machinery and footwear before entering fields.
Characteristic galls (knots) on roots causing swollen, deformed root systems. Above ground: stunted yellow plants with wilting during daytime even when soil moisture is adequate. Severely infected plants fail to produce marketable yield.
Microscopic soil-dwelling roundworms (Meloidogyne spp.) that penetrate root tips and form permanent feeding sites called galls. Spread through contaminated soil, irrigation water, and infected transplants.
Use certified nematode-free transplants; grow resistant varieties (tomato with N-gene); soil solarization for 4-6 weeks using clear plastic mulch during hot dry season; practice 3-year crop rotation with cereals or marigold.
Dark brown to black necrotic lesions on roots and tubers. Roots appear rotten and shortened. Plants show nutrient-deficiency-like symptoms due to reduced root uptake capacity; reduced tuber quality in potato.
Migratory endoparasitic nematodes that move in and out of roots creating lesions and secondary fungal/bacterial infections. Favored by light sandy soils and moderate temperatures.
Maintain optimal soil moisture; use healthy certified seed material; fallow field and deep plowing to expose nematodes to sunlight and desiccation.
Download the AgroMitra mobile app for on-device plant disease diagnosis using your camera — no internet needed in the field.
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