Turmeric

बेसार (Besar / Haldi)

📖 Curcuma longa L.

Verified Agricultural Data (NARC) Herbs & Spices 📅 Chaitra (चैत) – Poush (पुष) 🌡️ 20–35°C ⚗️ pH 5.5–6.8 ⏱️ 210-250 days

Growing Season & Schedule

🌱

Recommended Growing Window: Chaitra (चैत) – Poush (पुष)

Turmeric requires 240 to 270 days (8-9 months) from mother rhizome planting to harvest. Planted in Chaitra-Baisakh and harvested in Poush-Magh when foliage dries yellow.

Description & Overview

Golden spice and revered Ayurvedic rhizome cultivated extensively throughout the Terai and lower hill valleys of Nepal. Dried and ground into pure culinary powder rich in curcumin.

Details & Agronomic Insights

🌟 Positive Attributes & Health Benefits

World-renowned medicinal spice containing curcuminoids (curcumin), tumerone, and essential volatile oils. Supreme natural anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and immunity booster.

⚠️ Precautions & Adverse Notes

Extremely safe; high therapeutic supplemental doses may cause mild stomach upset or interact with blood thinning medications.

🐛 Major Diseases & Pests

Rhizome Rot (Pythium / Fusarium), Leaf Blotch (Taphrina maculans), Leaf Spot (Colletotrichum capsici), and Shoot Borer.

💊 Disease & Pest Solutions

Seed treatment: Dip rhizomes in Mancozeb (3 g/L) solution for 30 minutes before planting.
Plant on raised beds with deep inter-bed drainage trenches to prevent water stagnation.
Apply 2-3 rounds of thick organic green leaf mulch to preserve moisture and suppress weeds.
Spray Copper Oxychloride (2.5 g/L) if brown leaf spots appear during rainy season.

🧪 Fertilizer & Nutrition Recommendations

Apply 25 tons well-rotted FYM/ha. NPK: 60:50:90 kg/ha. Full P and half K at planting; half N at 45 DAS with weeding; remaining N and K at 90 DAS with earthing up.

Planting & Cultivation Guide

🌱 Planting Method Rhizome Planting

📏 Seed Depth 5.0 cm

↔️ Seed Spacing 25.0 cm

📐 Row Spacing 45.0 cm

🪱 Soil Type Fertile, well-drained sandy loam with heavy organic matter

💧 Water Requirement Medium (600-900 mm)

☀️ Sunlight Full Sun to Partial Sun (5-7 hours)

🧪 NPK Dose 80:60:80 NPK kg/ha + 15 t/ha FYM

Climate & Altitude Requirements

⛰️ Altitude Range 100–1600 m

🗺️ Suitable Regions Terai, Inner Terai, Mid-Hills

🌡️ Temperature Range 20–35°C

⚗️ Optimal pH 5.5–6.8

Harvest Information & Yield

⏱️ Maturity Days 210-250 days

📦 Expected Yield 18 - 28 t/ha (varieties: Kapurkot Haldi-1, Duggirala)

🔍 Harvest Indicators:

Foliage turns completely yellow, dries, and withers down in early winter

Crop Photo Gallery

बेसार (Besar / Haldi) (Primary Photo)

Seasonal Calendar — रोप्ने पात्रो

Activity / कार्य	Start Month (BS)	End Month (BS)	Region / क्षेत्र	Gregorian Window
🌾 Harvesting	मंसिर (Mangsir)	पुष (Poush)	All Nepal	November - December
🪴 Nursery	फागुन (Falgun)	फागुन (Falgun)	Terai (तराई)	February - March
🌱 Sowing	चैत (Chaitra)	बैशाख (Baisakh)	All Nepal	March - April

Quick Reference

Verified

🌱 Method Rhizome Planting

📅 Season Chaitra (चैत) – Poush (पुष)

⏱️ Matures 210-250 days

💧 Water Medium (600-900 mm)

☀️ Sunlight Full Sun to Partial Sun (5-7 hours)

🪱 Soil Fertile, well-drained sandy loam with heavy organic matter

🗺️ Regions Terai, Inner Terai, Mid-Hills

🌡️ Temp 20–35°C

⚗️ pH 5.5–6.8

📏 Depth 5.0 cm

📦 Yield 18 - 28 t/ha (varieties: Kapurkot Haldi-1, Duggirala)

📅 Planting Calendar 🩺 Plant Doctor AI

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